More than just visual patterns

PATTERNS

A pattern, from the French patron, is a type of theme of recurring events or objects, sometimes referred to as elements of a set. These elements repeat in a predictable manner. It can be a template or model which can be used to generate things or parts of a thing, especially if the things that are created have enough in common for the underlying pattern to be inferred, in which case the things are said to exhibit the unique pattern. Pattern Matching is the act of checking for the presence of the constituents of a pattern, whereas the detecting for underlying patterns is referred to as pattern recognition. The question of how a pattern emerges is accomplished through the work of the scientific field of pattern formation.

The most basic patterns are based on repetition and periodicity. A single template, or cell, is combined with duplicates without change or modification. For example, simple harmonic oscillators produce repeated patterns of movement.

Pattern recognition is more complex when templates are used to generate variants. For example, in English, sentences often follow the "N-VP" (noun - verb phrase) pattern, but some knowledge of the English Language is required to detect the pattern. Computer science, ethology, and psychology are fields which study patterns.

Observable patterns

Patterns may be directly observed with any of our five senses.

Visual

Visual patterns are very common such as simple decorative patterns (stripes, zigzags, and polka-dots). Others can be more complicated,(fecal colored or ugly) however, they may be found anywhere in nature and in art.

Art

A recurring pattern in a piece of art is referred to as a motif.

The golden ratio (approximately 1.618) is found frequently in nature. It is defined by two numbers, that form a ratio such that (a+b)/a = a/b (a/b being the golden ratio). This pattern was exploited by Leonardo de Vinci in his art. The golden ratio can be seen in nature, from the spirals of flowers to the symmetry of the human body.

"Art is the imposing of a pattern on experience, and our aesthetic enjoyment is recognition of the pattern."

Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947), English philosopher and mathematician. Dialogues, June 10, 1943.

Patterns of abstraction may not be directly observable such as patterns in mathematics.

Mathematics

Mathematics is commonly described as the "Science of Pattern." Any sequence of numbers that may be modeled by a mathematical function is considered a pattern.

In Pattern theory, mathematicians attempt to describe the world in terms of patterns. The goal is to lay out the world in a more computationally friendly manner.

Patterns are common in many areas of mathematics. Recurring decimals are one example. These are repeating sequences of digits which repeat infinitely. For example, 1 divided by 81 will result in the answer 0.012345679... the numbers 0-9 (except 8) will repeat forever — 1/81 is a recurring decimal.

Fractals are mathematical patterns that are scale invariant. This means that the shape of the pattern does not depend on how closely you look at it. Self-similarity is found in fractals. Examples of natural fractals are coast lines and tree shapes, which repeat their shape regardless of what magnification you view at. While the outer appearance of self-similar patterns can be quite complex, the rules needed to describe or produce their formation can be extremely simple.

Computer science

In computer science, complex mathematical models may be designed to create more complex patterns. Patterns may be found in every branch of computer science.

An important use of patterns in computer science is the idea of Design Patterns. Design patterns are general solutions to problems in object-oriented programming. They will not solve a specific problem, but they provide a sort of architectural outline that may be reused in order to speed up the development process of a program. Design patterns have provided the stepping stone for computer science to truly enter the engineering field.

Science

In geology, a mineral's crystal structure is composed of a recurring pattern. In fact, this is one of the 5 requirements of a mineral. Minerals must have a fixed chemical composition in a repeating arrangement, such as a crystal matrix. For a 2-dimensional crystal structure, there are 10 different planar lattices possible. Moving up to 3 dimensions, 32 patterns are possible. These are called bravais lattices.

In Software engineering, a design pattern is a general reusable solution to a commonly occurring problem in software design. A design pattern is not a finished design that can be transformed directly into code. It is a description or template for how to solve a problem that can be used in many different situations. Object-oriented design patterns typically show relationships and interactions between Classes or objects, without specifying the final application classes or objects that are involved.

Design patterns reside in the domain of modules and interconnections. At a higher level there are architectural Patterns that are larger in scope, usually describing an overall pattern followed by an entire system.

Not all software patterns are design patterns. For instance, algorithms solve computational problems rather than software design problems.

Found patterns

I want to try and take at least 100 photographs of found patterns out and inside. I think I like patterns so much because of that.. the way that anything can inspire them and they are everywhere we look.

personalised note books

Found this on eHow.com

Binding a Notepad

1

Gather your materials together. You have lots of options in terms of types of papers. You can go with scraps of different kinds of paper you've been saving, handmade papers, old newsprint, extra computer paper or even extra pieces of stationary. All of this depends upon what you're going to do with the notepad.

2

Prep the paper for the hole punch. You'll want to start making stacks. Don't make the stacks too thick, because they won't fit into the hole punch.

3

Punch the holes in your stacks of paper, going through each stack until all of the paper that you want in your notebook has been punched.

4

Set the paper aside.

5

Make front covers for the notepad by gluing scraps of material onto the pieces of card board with the rubber cement. This material can be in pieces large enough to cover one side by itself or a combination of different materials glued on to form a "crazy quilt" pattern on the front of the book.

6

Let the glue dry on the covers.

7

Glue pieces of pretty paper on the inside of your covers once the glue has dried on the outside. This will cover the ends of the scraps of material, which make the book look sloppy if they're still exposed. Do this with both the front and the back covers.

8

Let the rubber cement dry under the felt.

9

Punch holes in the front and the back covers of your book using the hole punch once the rubber cement has completely dried.

10

Decorate the front and back covers of your notebook using old photos, buttons, fancy ribbons and other accessories. You can glue these items on as well and then let dry.

11

Assemble the pieces together so that the front and back covers have the stack of your punched papers in between them. Be sure to make sure all the holes are lined up.

12

Cut three six-inch pieces of decorative ribbon.

13

String a piece of the ribbon into each of the holes.

14

Tie the ribbon into bows, but make sure it's loosely tied, because you want people to be able to turn the pages of the notebook. If the ribbons are too tight, then turning the pages becomes difficult.

What is rounders? When was it invented/by whom?

"The game of Rounders has been played in England since Tudor Times, with the earliest reference being in 1744 in "A Little Pretty Pocketbook" where it is called Baseball. It is a striking and fielding team game, which involves hitting a small hard leather cased ball with a round wooden or metal bat and then running around 4 bases in order to score"

The British invented baseball/Rounders... as inactive children needed some mild exercise so the game was created as a result. In Commonwealth nations its played by many kids up to age 11.. while its very popular as a girls game with UK having organised nationwide Leagues.

Been doing a few days through the week on outings with youth.  Been so much fun. More reason why my Job is good!
Reasons why: Enjoyed watched toy story 3! YES.
                       Wandered around shops for a couple of hours whilst young people were able to entertain themselves with shopping.
Played football badly in the park, still was fun.
Took them all on a trip to knaresborough, had an interesting time on some boats... was my silly idea to let a group of 4 13 year olds row in a boat on their own.. lead to an hour of attempting to explain to them how to row from the other side of the river and a few frustrated faces and a lost ore.  Still was more succesful than if I was on my own and i would say it was good team activity!!!

Doodling

These are just a few of my doodles. I am going to try and get at least 100 photos of my own doodles and then see the variations from other people too. It will be interesting to see why people doodle and when they do it most.

Patterns

Just a few patterns I have found from other designers etc.